Prison style tattoos have long been a subject of intrigue and curiosity. These tattoos, often created using makeshift instruments behind bars, have evolved into a unique art form with deep cultural significance. While many of these tattoos are primarily associated with criminal activities and gang affiliations, their meanings and symbolism are not always as straightforward as they may seem.
The history of prison tattoos dates back to ancient civilizations. However, they gained prominence in the modern era as a way for inmates to mark their identity and allegiances while serving time. These tattoos often hold a range of meanings, from personal experiences and accomplishments to secret codes and messages. In recent years, the prevalence and influence of prison-style tattoos have extended beyond prison walls, with their distinctive designs and aesthetic gaining popularity among a wider audience.
Key Takeaways
- Prison style tattoos serve as identity markers and often hold deeper meanings associated with inmates’ experiences and affiliations.
- The variety of designs and symbols found in prison tattoos can range from gang-related imagery to religious and cultural significance.
- In recent years, prison-style tattoos have grown in popularity beyond prison walls, as their unique designs and aesthetic become more widely recognized and appreciated.
History of Prison Style Tattoos
Cultural Origins
Prison tattoos have a rich history dating back centuries. They often served as a way for inmates to display their affiliation with certain gangs, their rank within those groups, or to showcase their ability to withstand pain. Many designs symbolize a prisoner’s time spent behind bars, or even act as a visual code for the crimes they have committed.
In various parts of the world, tattooing has been used as a form of identification or expression since at least 8000 B.C. Early Christians adopted symbols for recognition, though the custom died out in Europe but continued to evolve in the East. In the 18th century, British Naval Captain James Cook’s sailors introduced tattoos to the West after a voyage to Tahiti.
The modern prison style tattoo can be traced back to gang cultures and has gained popularity beyond prison walls, partially thanks to artists like Ed Hardy, who coined the term “black and grey” tattooing.
Tattooing Methods in Prison
Incarcerated individuals have had to come up with creative ways to ink their skin, often using simple and ingenious tools. Some common materials found in prisons for creating tattoos are:
- Broken spoons: Used as makeshift handles for tattoo needles.
- Beard trimmer parts: Re-purposed as needle holders.
- Ink sources: Pen ink, melted plastic, or even soot mixed with water or other liquids.
Tattooing in prison can be a dangerous practice due to less than ideal conditions and the risk of infection. The process often involves improvisation, with limited resources and unsanitary equipment. Despite the hazards, prison tattoos remain an important aspect of life behind bars and serve as an indelible mark of a prisoner’s experience, identity, and affiliations.
Common Prison Tattoo Designs and Meanings
Teardrop Tattoo
A teardrop tattoo is perhaps the most recognizable prison tattoo. It typically signifies that the person has committed murder. However, an outlined teardrop may indicate attempted murder instead. In either case, murder is associated with this tattoo in some way.
Three Dots Tattoo
The three dots tattoo represents the phrase “mi vida loca” or “my crazy life.” It is often associated with gang life and serves as a reminder of the inmate’s dedication to their gang.
Five Dots Tattoo
Five dots tattoo, also known as quincunx, is a common prison tattoo that symbolizes time spent in prison. Four dots represent the walls, while the fifth dot in the center represents the prisoner. This tattoo is often associated with incarceration and criminal life.
Cobweb Tattoo
Cobweb tattoos are usually found on the elbow and symbolize a long-term prison sentence. The more intricate the web, the longer the sentence. Occasionally, cobwebs can also represent entrapment in the criminal lifestyle.
Clock with No Hands
A clock with no hands represents an endless prison sentence or the inmate’s perception of time standing still while incarcerated. This tattoo often signifies a deep sense of entrapment and despair.
Eight-Pointed Stars
Eight-pointed stars are associated with Russian prison tattoos and represent authority within the criminal underworld. The more points on the star, the higher the inmate’s rank or status.
One-Eyed Eagles
One-eyed eagles are also related to Russian prison tattoos and signify a high-ranking thief or criminal. The single eye represents vigilance and cunning.
Cross on Chest
The cross on the chest, particularly found in Russian prisons, symbolizes a “Prince of Thieves.” This tattoo indicates a high-ranking criminal within the prison hierarchy.
Barbed Wire Tattoo
Barbed wire tattoos are often seen around the arm or wrist and can signify a lengthy prison sentence or a reminder of the inmate’s entrapment within the prison system.
Swastika Tattoo
The swastika tattoo is commonly associated with white supremacy and neo-Nazi ideologies. These tattoos are often a declaration of the inmate’s extremist beliefs and may indicate connections to hate groups.
Playing Cards Tattoo
Playing cards tattoos originated from Russian prisons but have become popular worldwide. These tattoos can symbolize a gambler’s lifestyle, luck, or risk-taking behavior, but also may denote an inmate’s affiliation with specific criminal groups.
Rose with Thorns Tattoo
A rose with thorns tattoo symbolizes the duality of beauty and pain, often representing the hardships faced in prison. The thorns may also signify an inmate’s willingness to protect themselves and survive within the harsh prison environment.
Gang and Supremacist Tattoos
Aryan Brotherhood Tattoos
Aryan Brotherhood is a notorious white supremacist prison gang. Their tattoos often feature symbols related to their ideology, such as the Celtic cross, shamrocks, and the number 1488 (which represents the 14 words of white supremacy and the 88 precepts of the neo-Nazi movement). Sometimes, members would also ink themselves with “AB” as an abbreviation for their gang’s name.
Nazi Tattoos
Nazi tattoos are prevalent among white supremacist groups and include symbols like the swastika, iron cross, and SS bolts which signify their allegiance to the ideology. These tattoos are often used to express hate and intimidation against non-white individuals and groups.
Blood Gang Tattoos
Blood Gang is a prominent African-American street gang with presence across the United States. Members often sport tattoos to display their affiliation and loyalty, such as the iconic five-pointed star, the word “Blood,” or the acronym “MOB” (Member of Bloods). They may also use the number five, which symbolizes the five “sets” or subgroups that form the Blood Gang.
Mexican Mafia Tattoos
Mexican Mafia, also known as La Eme, is a powerful Mexican-American criminal organization. Members often get inked with symbols like the black hand, the Aztec sun, and the letters “EME” (in old English font). Additionally, they might tattoo three dots, which represent the gang’s motto: “mi vida loca” (my crazy life).
Russian Prison Tattoos
Russian prison tattoos have a complex and unique symbolism that conveys coded messages about an inmate’s criminal history, affiliations, and personal beliefs. Some common symbols include stars (signifying authority and status), skulls (representing murder), and barbed wire (marking the number of years spent in prison).
Nuestra Familia Tattoos
Nuestra Familia is a Mexican-American prison gang with strong roots in northern California. Members use tattoos to showcase their loyalty and affiliation to the gang, such as the letters “NF,” a sombrero with a machete, or the Mexican flag. They might also ink themselves with the number 14, representing the 14th letter of the alphabet, “N,” which stands for Nuestra Familia.
Mara Salvatrucha Tattoos
Mara Salvatrucha, also known as MS-13, is a violent Central American gang with a significant presence in the United States. Members often adorn their bodies with numerous tattoos, including the letters “MS,” the number 13, or the devil’s horns, which symbolize their allegiance to the gang. Many members feature their tattoos prominently, covering their faces and entire bodies, to intimidate rivals and display their commitment to the gang.
Prison Tattoos in Popular Culture
Prison tattoos have increasingly made their way into mainstream culture, with numerous rappers, celebrities, and social media influencers embracing the aesthetic of these symbols. These tattoos, which often have specific meanings and histories associated with life behind bars, are now being sported by people who are not necessarily connected to any criminal activity.
Rappers, in particular, have been known to use prison-style tattoos as a way to showcase their authenticity and connection to the street. Many popular artists have tattoos that represent their affiliation with neighborhood gangs or depict symbolic images typically found in prison culture. These tattoos have also been referenced in lyrics, further solidifying the connection between the prison tattoo trend and the music genre. With such high-profile individuals showcasing these designs, it is not surprising that the general public has taken notice and started embracing the aesthetic as well.
Social media platforms like Instagram have undoubtedly played a role in popularizing prison tattoos. Many tattoo artists now specialize in this particular style, showcasing their work on Instagram to attract new clients. This platform provides users with easy access to images of prison tattoos, allowing trends to emerge and spread rapidly. As more people become interested in this style, it has begun to transcend its criminal roots and find its place as a broader cultural phenomenon.
Tattoo Artists and Techniques
This section covers various methods and techniques used by tattoo artists in prisons, showcasing their skills and the constraints they face while operating in such environments.
Needle and Wick Method
The Needle and Wick Method is a traditional and widely-used technique among prison tattoo artists. It involves using a sharp needle and a wick made from a thread, shoelace, or any similar material. The tattoo artist dips the needle wrapped with the wick in ink and carefully punctures the skin to create designs. Despite its simplicity, this method can yield remarkable and intricate designs when done by skilled artists. However, due to the lack of specialized equipment, it poses higher risks of infections and uneven results.
Motor and Tape Method
Another common method employed by tattoo artists in prison is the Motor and Tape Method. This technique employs a makeshift tattoo machine using materials like a small motor, tape, and a needle. The motor is usually salvaged from everyday items like cassette players or electric razors. The needle is attached to the motor, which is connected to a power source, like a battery. The artist applies ink to the needle and uses the motor’s vibrations to penetrate the skin with precision. This method offers better accuracy and finer lines than the Needle and Wick Method, but it still carries a risk of infections and inconsistency in results.
Accuracy and Simplicity
Given the limited resources and tools available in prison settings, tattoos created by prison artists often prioritize accuracy and simplicity. Many prison tattoos feature basic designs, like symbols, numbers, and letters, to convey specific meanings, affiliations, or milestones. However, dedicated and skillful prison tattoo artists like Robert Pho, Eric Glisson, and Freddy Negrete have shown that creativity and talent can still flourish despite these restrictions. Their work has transcended the limitations of their circumstances and gained recognition in the broader tattoo community.
Hidden Meanings and Controversies
Prison tattoos often have hidden meanings associated with them, reflecting the bearer’s criminal past, aggression, or even symbols for protection and good luck. Understanding these symbols can provide an insight into the world of inmates and their experiences.
One widely recognized prison tattoo is the teardrop. The meaning of this tattoo varies geographically and can symbolize a range of criminal activities. In some places, a teardrop may denote a lengthy prison sentence or the fact that the wearer has committed a murder. If the teardrop is just an outline, it can signify an attempted murder.
Another symbol commonly seen in prison tattoos is the spider web. Traditionally placed on the elbow, this tattoo is said to represent a spider catching an insect or criminal in its web, symbolizing the wearer’s entrapment within the prison system. A multi-colored web, however, is not likely to be a prison tattoo, as inmates typically have limited access to colored ink.
The acronym A.C.A.B. (All Cops Are Bastards) is also commonly found among prisoners, particularly in the UK. This expression of anti-police sentiment was first noted in the 1970s and later gained more attention through British punk music in the 1980s.
While some tattoos may have hidden meanings, it is essential to approach this topic with caution, as some symbols could be misinterpreted. Additionally, individuals with prison-style tattoos may not have any actual association with crime or aggression and may have simply chosen a design for aesthetic or other personal reasons.
Prison Tattoos and Christianity
Prison tattoos often reflect the beliefs, affiliations, and experiences of the individual wearing them. Christianity is one such theme that sometimes features in prison tattoos. Despite the negative connotation of prison tattoos, some inmates choose to display their faith through Christian symbols and imagery.
The cross, a staple of Christian iconography, is a common prison tattoo design. It can represent faith, redemption, and hope for a better future, often sought by inmates trying to turn their lives around. Jesus Christ’s image is another popular design, symbolizing a connection to the teachings of Christianity and a desire for forgiveness or salvation.
Biblical verses or phrases also find their way into prison tattoos. These texts might serve as a personal reminder for the inmate, of their faith, and as a form of spiritual guidance. Popular verses may emphasize themes such as strength, perseverance, and love – values that could resonate with individuals facing challenges in prison.
It’s important to note that not all prison tattoo artists are skilled or formally trained, so the quality and accuracy of religious tattoos may vary. However, these tattoos, regardless of their artistic merit, are powerful personal expressions for those who bear them.
Black and Grey Tattoos in Prison
Originating in prisons during the 1970s, black and grey tattoos have become a popular tattoo style worldwide. With roots in Chicano art and Catholic imagery, these tattoos typically feature thin lines, intricate details, and various shades of black and grey ink, which creates a realistic and captivating appearance.
Initially, prisoners used only limited resources, such as pen ink and makeshift needles, to create their tattoos. This scarcity led to the development of the distinctive black and grey style seen today. The style gained popularity as it allowed for highly detailed and expressive tattoos, despite the limited color palette. Traditional prison tattoo designs often include religious symbols, such as crosses or the Virgin Mary, as well as gang-related identifiers and messages.
Beyond the aesthetic appeal, black and grey tattoos in prisons held significant cultural and personal meanings for the inmates. They were and continue to be a way for prisoners to express their identity, affiliations, and shared experiences. Many of these designs symbolize resilience, strength, or redemption, making them an important part of prison culture.
Outside of the prison environment, black and grey tattoos have gained immense popularity and recognition. Many skilled tattoo artists have contributed to the evolution and refinement of the style, leading to stunningly realistic and artistic renditions of various subjects. Famous tattoo artists like Freddy Negrete and Ed Hardy have played major roles in bringing this style from the prison environment to the mainstream tattoo industry.
Risks and Precautions
Prison-style tattoos are known for their distinct and often symbolic designs. However, engaging in tattooing within a prison environment poses numerous risks and challenges. Inmates often resort to makeshift equipment and unsanitary practices, which can lead to severe health issues.
One of the primary risks associated with prison tattoos is the transmission of bloodborne pathogens (BBPs). Inmates may use homemade tattoo “guns” and needles or even common items like ballpoint pens to create their tattoos. These tools are frequently shared among prisoners, and sterilization is rarely performed between uses. This unhygienic practice can result in the spread of diseases such as hepatitis and HIV.
Beyond BBP transmission, using unclean ink sources also poses a risk. In prison settings, there is limited access to professional tattoo ink, making it common for inmates to use alternatives such as pen ink or burnt materials mixed with water. These make-do inks can lead to infections and allergic reactions at the tattoo site.
In an attempt to mitigate these risks in prisons, it is essential to emphasize the importance of proper hygiene and bloodborne pathogen prevention. Correctional facilities should consider implementing safer tattooing interventions as part of a comprehensive harm reduction strategy. This approach may include providing access to sterilized equipment and ensuring a clean environment for tattooing.
While the topic of attempted murder was not directly relevant in this context, it is significant to note that prisoners engaging in risky behaviors, such as unsanitary tattooing practices, can indirectly put their fellow inmates at risk of severe health complications. Maintaining a safe and hygienic environment for all inmates is crucial in preventing unintended harm.
Adopting a confident, knowledgeable, neutral, and clear tone when addressing the risks and precautions associated with prison-style tattoos is essential to promote awareness and encourage safe practices in correctional facilities.
Changing Perceptions of Prison Tattoos
As society evolves, the perception of prison-style tattoos has been gradually changing. These tattoos, which were once heavily stigmatized, are now gaining acceptance and even admiration in certain circles. The resurgence of interest in tattoos as an art form has led to a fusion of styles, with prison tattoos often being incorporated into contemporary designs. This merging of styles signifies both vigor and prosperity, as tattoos become more accepted, appreciated, and accessible outside of prison settings.
Prison tattoos initially symbolized a subculture of criminality and defiance. However, they have also developed into a form of personal expression and identity for the individuals who bear them. The origins of some prison tattoos can be traced back to specific groups and ideologies, such as neo-Nazis, which can be challenging in today’s society. However, not all prison tattoos carry such charged meanings, and it is essential to differentiate between historical context and individual motivations.
While prison tattoos can still carry negative connotations for some people, it is crucial to address these stereotypes in order to foster inclusivity and understanding. By doing so, we encourage conversations about the diversity of human experience, artistic expression, and personal growth. It is through these discussions that we can begin to see the intricate stories behind the ink, rather than being blinded by assumptions and prejudice.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are some common meanings behind prison tattoos?
Prison tattoos often hold significant meanings related to the wearer’s experiences or affiliations. The teardrop tattoo, for instance, indicates that the wearer has committed a murder or attempted murder. Other common prison tattoos include spiderwebs (imprisonment), five-pointed stars (affiliation with a specific gang), and clock faces without hands (serving a life sentence).
What’s the significance of the number 13 in prison tattoos?
In the context of prison tattoos, the number 13 typically represents the Sureños gang, which is affiliated with the 13th letter of the alphabet (M), signifying the Mexican Mafia. The number can also be associated with the MS-13 gang, which is known for its brutal acts and international reach.
How is ink typically made for prison tattoos?
In prison settings, inmates often create their own ink using accessible materials. Common sources of ink include burnt plastic or styrofoam mixed with water, ashes from burnt paper or cotton, or even melted soot from steel and rubber. These substances are mixed until a thick, dark paste is formed, which then serves as improvised tattoo ink.
What tools and techniques are commonly used in jailhouse tattoos?
Prisoners have long been resourceful when it comes to creating tattoo equipment. Common tools include sticks with a needle or staple attached to one end, ballpoint pens with their tubes removed and replaced with a needle, or even sharpened guitar strings. The “stick and poke” technique is often used, which involves repeatedly poking the ink-covered needle into the skin to create a pattern or design.
What does a wizard symbolize in the context of prison tattoos?
A wizard tattoo in the context of prison tattoos may represent knowledge, power, or control. This symbolism can be tied to the wearer’s experience or status within the prison environment, as wizards are often seen as masters of their craft or situation. Additionally, wizards may be commonly found in white supremacist prison tattoo symbolism, where they are used to represent power or dominance.
How do Norteño gang tattoos relate to the prison tattoo culture?
Norteño gang tattoos, such as the number 14, a symbol of their affiliation with the Nuestra Familia prison gang, play a significant role in the prison tattoo culture. Nortenos, like other gangs, use tattoos to indicate membership in their organization, achievements within the gang, or commemorating significant events. These tattoos not only act as identifiers among members but can also signify status and power within the hierarchical structure of the gang and the wider prison environment.
